Role of Autophagy in Immunity, Disease and Pathogen Replication
نویسندگان
چکیده
Autophagy is a cellular homeostasis process which plays an important role in energy balance, especially during critical time such as starvation or nutrient stress. It also prevents the accumulation of damaged organelles or misfolded proteins in cytoplasm through lysosomal digestion. Autophagy recycles superfluous or damaged organelles and utilizes their hydrolyzed products for cellular vital functions. Autophagy also plays an important role in immune response and prevents the invasion of pathogens. However defective autophagy may lead to various diseases. Various pathogens subvert autophagy for their efficient replication. In this current mini review pathogen who exploits autophagy for their replication, autophagy related diseases and natural compound which use autophagy for disease amelioration is highlighted.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Autophagy Induction in Oncolytic Reovirus Replication in Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Background and Aims: Oncolytic reoviruses can infect and kill malignant cells while sparing their normal counterparts. Reoviral infection can induce or activate autophagy, even though metformin can induce autophagy. Identifying and regulating the cellular pathways important for reovirus replication and oncolysis can improve targeted-biological therapies for cancer. Here, the autophagic process ...
متن کاملModulation of Pathogen Recognition by Autophagy
Autophagy is an ancient biological process for maintaining cellular homeostasis by degradation of long-lived cytosolic proteins and organelles. Recent studies demonstrated that autophagy is availed by immune cells to regulate innate immunity. On the one hand, cells exert direct effector function by degrading intracellular pathogens; on the other hand, autophagy modulates pathogen recognition an...
متن کاملActivation of the unfolded protein response and autophagy after hepatitis C virus infection suppresses innate antiviral immunity in vitro.
Autophagy, a process for catabolizing cytoplasmic components, has been implicated in the modulation of interactions between RNA viruses and their host. However, the mechanism underlying the functional role of autophagy in the viral life cycle still remains unclear. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense, membrane-enveloped RNA virus that can cause chronic liver disease. He...
متن کاملThe role of autophagy in microbial infection and immunity
The autophagy pathway represents an evolutionarily conserved cell recycling process that is activated in response to nutrient deprivation and other stress signals. Over the years, it has been linked to an array of cellular functions. Equally, a wide range of cell-intrinsic, as well as extracellular, factors have been implicated in the induction of the autophagy pathway. Microbial infections rep...
متن کاملAutophagy in the regulation of pathogen replication and adaptive immunity.
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved homeostatic process by which cells deliver cytoplasmic material for degradation into lysosomes. Autophagy may have evolved as a nutrient-providing homeostatic pathway induced upon starvation, but with the acquisition of cargo receptors, autophagy has become an important cellular defence mechanism as well as a generator of antigenic peptides for major his...
متن کامل